Làm thế nào để định giá một doanh nghiệp nghiền đá: Hướng dẫn thực hành

Determining the true worth of a stone crushing business requires moving beyond simple formulas. It demands a deep dive into tangible assets, operational realities, động lực thị trường, and future potential. Whether you're considering acquisition, sale, sự đầu tư, or financing, understanding these key valuation drivers is essential for making informed decisions.

TÔI. Foundational Valuation Approaches

Three primary methodologies form the bedrock of business valuation:

1. Asset-Based Approach: Focuses on the company's net asset value (NAV).
Tangible Assets: This is paramount for crushing businesses.
Đất: Vị trí, kích cỡ, zoning permissions (especially crucial for quarrying), khả năng tiếp cận.
Buildings & Cơ sở hạ tầng: Offices, workshops, storage facilities, weighbridges.
Thực vật & Machinery: Detailed inventory and valuation of:
Máy nghiền sơ cấp (Hàm, con quay hồi chuyển)
Máy nghiền cấp 2/cấp 3 (hình nón, Sự va chạm)
Màn hình (rung, cái trống)
Băng tải (Radial stackers, feed conveyors)
Người cho ăn (Vibrating Grizzly, Apron)
Hệ thống rửa (Log washers, vít cát)
Power Units (Generators if applicable)
Vehicles: Loaders (máy xúc lật), máy xúc, dump trucks.
Spare Parts Inventory: Significant value can reside here.
Intangible Assets:
Mineral Reserves/Quarry Rights: The lifeblood of the operation. Valuation requires professional geological reports assessing volume and quality of accessible reserves under current permits. Market value per ton is critical.
Permits & Licenses: Environmental permits (air/water/noise), operating licenses, blasting permits (nếu có thể). Their transferability and remaining validity are key.
Danh tiếng thương hiệu & Customer Relationships: Established relationships with construction firms or government agencies add value.
Liabilities: Deduct all outstanding debts, loans payable, environmental remediation provisions (if any), equipment leases.

2. Income Approach: Values the business based on its ability to generate future cash flows. Crucial for profitable operations.
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF): Projects future Free Cash Flows (FCF) over a forecast period (ví dụ., 5