Si funksionon polic kon
How Cone Crushers Work: The Engineered Power of Size Reduction
Cone crushers are fundamental workhorses in the aggregates, minierave, dhe industritë e riciklimit, tasked with efficiently reducing large rocks and ore into smaller, madhësi më të menaxhueshme. Their robust design and unique operating principle make them ideal for secondary, terciare, dhe fazat e thërrmimit kuaternar. Understanding how a cone crusher functions reveals the elegant engineering behind its powerful size reduction capability.
Parimi Thelbësor: Thërrmimi me ngjeshje
Unlike impact crushers that use sudden force to break material, Thërrmuesit e konit funksionojnë kryesisht përmes kompresimit. Material is squeezed between two heavy surfaces – a moving element and a stationary element – until it fractures along natural fault lines.
Komponentët:
1. Manteli: This is the moving conical surface attached to the main shaft (ekscentrike). It gyrates within the concave.
2. Konkave (Astar tasi): This is the stationary outer surface, often shaped like an inverted cone. It provides the surface against which the mantle crushes the material.
3. Boshti kryesor & Asambleja ekscentrike: The heart of the motion. The main shaft is mounted off-center within a large eccentric bushing or gear. Ndërsa kjo ekscentrike rrotullohet (driven by belts/pulleys or directly by a motor), jep një lëkundje, gyratory motion to the mantle attached to the top of the shaft.
4. Dhoma e shtypjes: The space formed between the mantle and concave where rock is compressed and broken.
5. Feed Hopper/Distributor: Guides incoming material evenly into the crushing chamber around the top of the mantle.
6. Sistemi Hidraulik (Modern Crushers): Provides several critical functions:
Adjusting the Crusher Setting (CSS - Cilësimet anësore të mbyllura): By raising or lowering the main shaft assembly hydraulically, operators can increase or decrease the gap at the bottom discharge point between the mantle and concave. This directly controls the size of the crushed product output.
Mbrojtja nga mbingarkesa (Lirimi i Tramp): Nëse materiali i pakthyeshëm (metal tramp) enters, powerful hydraulic cylinders allow the entire upper assembly (mantle and shaft) to lift slightly ("tramp"), opening wider than usual to eject the object before lowering back automatically to its set position.
Clearing Blockages ("Pastrimi i zgavrës"): Allows rapid lowering of the main shaft to open up
