Вращающаяся печь – это большая, rotating cylindrical furnace used in various industrial processes to heat materials to high temperatures (typically between 900°C and 1,500°C or higher). It is widely used in industries like cement production, металлургия, chemical processing, and waste treatment.

Ключевые компоненты вращающейся печи:
1. Cylinder (Оболочка): Вдоль, slightly inclined steel tube lined with refractory bricks to withstand high temperatures.
2. Система привода: Motors and gears that rotate the kiln at a controlled speed (typically 0.5–5 RPM).
3. Опорные ролики & Tyres (Riding Rings): Bearings that support the kiln's weight and allow smooth rotation.
4. Горелка & Топливная система: Provides heat using fuels like coal, газ, масло, или альтернативное топливо (например, отходы).
5. Огнеупорная футеровка: Heat-resistant material inside the kiln to protect the shell and retain heat.
6. Уплотнения: Prevent air leakage at the inlet and outlet.
7. Охлаждение & Exhaust Systems: Manage temperature and emissions.

How a Rotary Kiln Works:
1. Material Feed: Raw materials (например, известняк, руда, or waste) enter the kiln’s upper end.
2. Вращение & Heating: The inclined kiln rotates slowly, causing material to move toward the hotter end while being heated by the burner.
3. Chemical Reactions: High temperatures trigger processes like calcination (например, turning limestone into lime), снижение (металлы), or clinker formation (цемент).
4.

charge: Processed material exits at the lower end for cooling/further processing.

Applications of Rotary Kilns:
1. Производство цемента:
- Calcination of limestone to produce clinker (main component of Portland cement).
2. Металлургия:
- Roasting/refining ores (например, железо, aluminum, цинк).
- Production of sponge iron via direct reduction (DRI).
3. Химическая промышленность:
- Manufacturing lime, глинозем, titanium dioxide, и т. д..
4. Обращение с отходами:
- Incineration of hazardous waste or sewage sludge.
- Pyrolysis of tires/plastics for recycling.

Преимущества:
✔ Continuous processing with high throughput.